1974 smallpox epidemic in India

The 1974 smallpox epidemic in India marked one of the most significant public health challenges in the country's history, characterized by a rapid resurgence of the disease following previous control efforts. Beginning in early 1974, the outbreak primarily affected rural areas, where vaccination coverage was inadequate due to logistical difficulties and public skepticism towards immunization. By the end of the year, the epidemic had resulted in thousands of reported cases and deaths, prompting a national emergency. The Indian government, in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO), intensified vaccination campaigns and surveillance measures, ultimately leading to a successful eradication effort. This epidemic highlighted the importance of comprehensive vaccination strategies and the need for sustained public health initiatives in combating infectious diseases.