1909 in India

In 1909, India was a British colony marked by a period of political awakening and social reform. The year was significant for the passage of the Indian Councils Act, which expanded the legislative councils and introduced limited self-government for Indians, though it maintained British control. This act was seen as a response to growing demands for greater Indian participation in governance. The Indian National Congress and Muslim League were pivotal in articulating the aspirations of Indian society. Additionally, 1909 witnessed the burgeoning of various social reform movements aimed at addressing issues such as caste discrimination and women's rights. The year reflected the complex interplay of colonial authority and emerging nationalist sentiments.