1900 in India

The year 1900 was a significant period in British India, marked by socio-political changes and economic challenges. The British Raj, established in 1858, continued to consolidate its power amidst rising nationalistic sentiments among Indians. The population was approximately 300 million, with diverse ethnicities, languages, and cultures coexisting under colonial rule. Key developments included agricultural distress due to fluctuating monsoon patterns, leading to widespread famine in certain regions. The Indian National Congress, formed in 1885, began to broaden its demands for political representation. Educational initiatives were ongoing, fostering a nascent middle class. This year also witnessed the cultural renaissance, with literature and art gaining prominence, setting the stage for future movements toward independence.