2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes

The 2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes refer to a series of military confrontations and heightened tensions between India and Pakistan, primarily occurring along the Line of Control (LoC) in the disputed Kashmir region. Following a deadly attack on an Indian Army base in Uri, Jammu and Kashmir, in September 2016, India conducted surgical strikes targeting militant launch pads across the border, marking a significant escalation in hostilities. In response, Pakistan intensified its retaliatory fire, leading to increased violations of ceasefire agreements. The period was characterized by cross-border shelling, casualties among both military personnel and civilians, and diplomatic strain. The skirmishes underscored the fragile security situation in South Asia and renewed international concerns over nuclear escalation in the region.