1913 in India

In 1913, India was under British colonial rule, marked by a period of social and political change. The Indian National Congress, a dominant political party advocating for self-governance, began to gain momentum in its demands for greater Indian participation in governance. The year witnessed heightened tensions due to the growing discontent among various segments of society, particularly in response to repressive policies and economic hardships. In the cultural realm, the formation of the Bombay Presidency Band and the establishment of various literary societies signified a burgeoning nationalist spirit. Additionally, significant events such as the arrival of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in India from South Africa contributed to the evolving struggle for rights and independence, laying the groundwork for future movements.