1540 in India

In the year 1540, India experienced significant political and socio-economic developments, marked predominantly by the rise of the Afghan ruler Sher Shah Suri. Following the decline of the Mughal Empire under Humayun, Sher Shah established the Suri Empire after defeating him at the Battle of Chausa. Sher Shah implemented comprehensive administrative reforms, including the introduction of a standardized currency and an efficient tax system, which revitalized agriculture and trade. His reign also saw extensive infrastructure projects, notably the construction of the Grand Trunk Road, enhancing connectivity across northern India. The era set important precedents for governance in the subcontinent, influencing subsequent rulers and laying the groundwork for future empires.