1534 in India

The year 1534 marked a significant period in Indian history, characterized by the expansion of European influence and the consolidation of various regional powers. In this year, the Portuguese formally established their presence in India by securing the strategic island of Bombay (now Mumbai) through a treaty with the Sultan of Gujarat. This event laid the foundation for Portuguese colonial expansion in the region. Concurrently, the Mughal Empire, under the rule of Emperor Humayun, was undergoing internal challenges and territorial conflicts, setting the stage for future dynamics in northern India. The year also witnessed the flourishing of art and culture, as local dynasties continued to patronize various forms of artistic expression amid the changing political landscape.